Well first I would start with posture or pose, at the moment your character is standing in a very flat, unrealistic looking stance completely side on. Try to imagine how someone would stand in real life and match that. I'm assuming your game is a platformer or sidescroller because the way your character is facing. I've worked on a platformer for a very long time and I think that if you angle the character slightly towards the camera it becomes way more interesting to look at! Also I find it very hard to work with such a large canvas, maybe squeeze it down to 32x32?
Also as senevri mentioned you are using a lot of colors that are very similar and do not add anything to the piece!
I've done a mockup to demonstrate all of this, I got a bit carried away though and did some scenery with it too haha, sorry this isn't great I didn't have much time to do it. The monkey is 3 colors, and i know the style is very different than yours but it's just to give you an idea of what i'm talking about and what you can do
anyways this is my first time giving advice so i hope it helps!