@PixelPiledriver
That edit is really cool, and I see what you're getting at, the head shape is much more defined, and the color is put to better use. As a side note, the main reason I didn't fill in the arm patch on the left was because I felt like I couldn't indicate a definable icon in the small space provided.

@Joe
My thought process toward color selection was honestly just stuff like "red", "tan", and "pink". I really don't know a whole lot about making colors work together well, and I knew something about the colors was odd. Couldn't really figure out what I did wrong though, so thank you for making it more clear.
I agree that I was pretty timid in terms of suggesting form, and I think this comes down to my lack of confidence in how to define forms well. For instance, I rarely feel sure of exactly how a fold in cloth should look, or how the shading should look on a person's face.

I will definitely look into GG as well.

Anyway, thanks for the advice! I'm really looking to improve, but I could never put my finger on what bothered me about my art, so I'm glad you both took the time to provide some perspective.