Software engineering just got weird.
If you’ve spent any time on "DevTwitter" or lurking in GitHub READMEs lately, you’ve probably seen the term vibe coding floating around. It sounds like something a burnt-out developer does on a beach in Bali, but it’s actually a legitimate, fast-rising paradigm shift. It’s the art of building complex applications without actually "coding" in the traditional sense. Instead, you talk to an AI agent—specifically tools like Claude Code—and let the machine handle the dirty work of syntax, semicolons, and stack traces.
Andrej Karpathy, the legendary AI researcher and former Tesla autopilot head, basically set the internet on fire when he coined the term in early 2025. He described a workflow where he barely touches the keyboard, just "seeing stuff, saying stuff, and running stuff."
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It’s a vibe. Honestly.
What Is Claude Code and Why Does It Matter?
Basically, Claude Code is Anthropic’s agentic command-line interface (CLI) tool. While most people are used to the "chat box" experience of the Claude website, Claude Code lives directly in your terminal. It has "fingers." It can read your files, write new ones, run your terminal commands, and even debug its own mistakes.
When you pair this tool with the "vibe coding" mindset, the friction of software development evaporates. You aren't thinking about how to map an array or how to configure a Webpack build. You’re thinking about the product. You tell the CLI, "Make the sidebar half as wide and add a dark mode toggle that saves to local storage," and you just watch the diffs fly by.
The Karpathy Effect
Karpathy’s endorsement wasn't just a tweet; it was a realization that LLMs like Claude 3.7 Sonnet and Claude 4 (and the later 4.5 versions) reached a tipping point. They became "too good" to ignore. In the old days—like, two years ago—you had to baby the AI. You’d copy-paste code, fix the indentation, and realize it forgot a bracket.
Now? You "Accept All."
You don't even read the code half the time. If it breaks, you copy the error message, throw it back at the agent with zero context, and say "fix." It usually does. This is the heart of vibe coding: shifting from being a "writer" of code to a "curator" of outcomes.
How to Actually Vibe Code With Claude
It’s not just about being lazy. It’s about velocity. To get started, you usually need the Claude Code CLI installed. Once you’re in a project directory, you initialize the agent.
- Step 1: The Intent. You start with a high-level goal. "I want to build a Kanban board that uses the Trello API."
- Step 2: The Agentic Loop. Claude Code scans your directory, realizes you don't have an API key configured, tells you to get one, and then scaffolds the entire React or Next.js frontend.
- Step 3: The "Vibe" Check. You run the dev server. You look at the UI. It looks a bit... 2005. You say, "Make it look like Linear. Use Tailwind. Add some nice spring animations."
- Step 4: Iteration. You don't open the CSS files. You just keep talking.
The nuance here is that Claude Code isn't just a autocomplete tool like GitHub Copilot. It’s an agent. It can plan. If you ask for a major architectural change—say, moving from a local SQLite DB to a hosted PostgreSQL instance—it will create a multi-step plan, show you what it's going to change, and execute the migration while you grab a coffee.
The Brutal Truth: Is It "Real" Engineering?
There’s a lot of gatekeeping around this. "If you don't know how the memory management works, you aren't a coder!" Sure, maybe. But if a founder builds a functional MVP in 48 hours using vibe coding and secures a seed round, does it matter if they can't manually write a bubble sort?
Probably not.
However, there are massive pitfalls. Vibe coding is incredible for Greenfield projects—those "throwaway" weekend ideas or brand-new startups. It’s much harder on legacy codebases with ten years of technical debt. If the "vibe" is off, the AI can hallucinate dependencies or create "spaghetti code" that no human can ever untangle.
Where Vibe Coding Hits a Wall
- Security: AI is notoriously bad at "thinking like a hacker." It might write functional code that has a massive SQL injection vulnerability.
- Optimization: If you need to shave 20 milliseconds off a database query, "vibing" it won't work. You need a human who understands indexing.
- The Black Box: If the AI builds a 5,000-line app and something goes wrong in production at 3 AM, and you never read the code... you’re in trouble.
Actionable Steps to Start Vibe Coding Today
If you want to try this without crashing your computer, start small. Don't try to rebuild Amazon on day one.
- Install the CLI: Get the official Anthropic
claude-codepackage. Ensure you have an API key with enough credits—vibe coding can get "token-hungry" because the agent reads a lot of context. - Use a "CLAUDE.md" File: This is a pro tip. Create a file called
CLAUDE.mdin your root directory. Put your coding standards, preferred libraries (e.g., "Always use TypeScript and Shadcn UI"), and project rules there. Claude Code reads this first to get the "vibe" of your project. - Learn to "Compact": When the context window gets full and the AI starts getting "stupid," use the compact command. It summarizes the conversation so far, clearing the "mental fog" for the model.
- Stay in the Terminal: Resist the urge to go back to the browser. The more you let the agent handle the file system and execution, the faster you'll move.
- Audit the Diffs: Even if you "Accept All," at least skim the changes. You’re the supervisor. You’re the pilot. The AI is just the very fast co-pilot.
The world of software is splitting into two groups: those who spend their lives mastering the syntax of a specific language, and those who master the "vibe" of directing intelligence. Both are valuable, but only one of them lets you build a full-stack app before lunch.
Start by downloading the Claude Code CLI and asking it to build a simple "Weather App" using an obscure API. Don't look at the source code until it's finished. Experience the shift from "How do I write this?" to "What do I want to exist?"
That is the essence of the vibe.