Justice and the Way Things Ought to Be: Why Our Brains Can’t Let Go of Fairness

Justice and the Way Things Ought to Be: Why Our Brains Can’t Let Go of Fairness

We’ve all felt it. That hot, prickly sensation in the back of your neck when someone cuts the line at the grocery store. It’s not just about the thirty seconds you lost. It’s the principle. Most of us spend our lives navigating a massive gap between reality and our internal blueprint for the way things ought to be. We want the hard worker to get the promotion, the kind soul to find love, and the jerk in the sports car to at least get a speeding ticket.

Life doesn’t work like that. Often, it's a mess.

This isn't just about being "annoyed." It’s actually baked into our biology. Evolutionarily speaking, humans are hyper-social creatures. If our ancestors didn't have a sense of fairness, the tribe would have collapsed because one guy would have eaten all the mastodon meat while everyone else starved. We are literally wired to crave a world where effort equals reward. But in 2026, with the world feeling more chaotic than ever, our "fairness sensors" are constantly redlining.

The Just-World Fallacy: A Psychological Security Blanket

Psychologist Melvin Lerner spent a lot of time looking into this back in the 60s. He developed the "Just-World Hypothesis." Basically, humans have this desperate need to believe that "you get what you deserve." It makes us feel safe. If the world is predictable, we can control our destiny. If I’m a good person, bad things won't happen to me. Right?

Unfortunately, this leads to some pretty dark places. When we see someone suffering—maybe they’re unhoused or they lost their job—our brains perform a weird bit of gymnastics to maintain our belief in the way things ought to be. We start victim-blaming. We tell ourselves they must have made bad choices. Why? Because if they did everything right and still failed, that means it could happen to us too. That thought is terrifying.

Reality is much more indifferent. A 2020 study published in Nature Communications explored how "noise" or random luck accounts for a massive portion of career success. We like to think it's 100% grit, but sometimes it’s just being in the right Zoom room at the right time. Acknowledging this doesn't mean hard work is useless. It just means the universe isn't a vending machine where you insert "effort" and always get "reward" out of the bottom slot.

The Brain on Unfairness

Ever heard of the Ultimatum Game? It’s a classic economics experiment. One person gets $20 and chooses how to split it with a second person. If the second person accepts, they both keep the cash. If they refuse, nobody gets anything.

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Logic says you should accept even $1. I mean, $1 is better than $0, right?

People don't do that. They get insulted. If the offer is too low—say, $2—most people will reject it out of spite. They’d rather have nothing than let the other person "win" with an unfair deal. Functional MRI scans show that when people see an unfair offer, the anterior insula lights up. That’s the same part of the brain that reacts to disgusting smells or physical pain. Unfairness literally grosses us out.

Why Social Media Broke Our Perception of Normalcy

Algorithms are basically designed to hunt for the gap between reality and the way things ought to be. They feed us "rage-bait." You see a video of someone being entitled or a story about a massive corporate loophole, and your brain goes into overdrive.

We are constantly comparing our "behind-the-scenes" footage with everyone else’s highlight reel. It creates this false baseline. You start thinking, "The way things ought to be is me having a minimalist kitchen and a six-figure passive income by age 25," because that's what's on your feed. We’ve outsourced our moral and aesthetic standards to software that wants us to stay angry so we keep scrolling.

It’s exhausting. Honestly, it’s making us miserable.

The "Moral Outrage" Loop

There’s a specific dopamine hit associated with being right. When we point out how something is "wrong," we feel a sense of moral superiority. This is why internet arguments never end. Nobody is trying to solve the problem; they’re just trying to reaffirm their own vision of the way things ought to be.

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But here’s the kicker: focus too much on the "ought" and you lose the ability to handle the "is."

Practical Ways to Close the Gap Without Losing Your Mind

You can't fix the universe. You can't make your boss less of a narcissist or make the rain stop on your wedding day. But you can change how you interface with the friction.

Accept the "Beta" Version of Reality
Software developers release "beta" versions knowing there are bugs. Treat your day the same way. When the printer jams or the flight is canceled, instead of thinking "this shouldn't be happening," try "yep, there's the bug." It sounds cheesy, but it shifts you from a victim mindset to a troubleshooting mindset.

Audit Your "Shoulds"
Write down five things that made you angry today. How many of them started with the word "should"?

  • "He should have thanked me."
  • "The traffic should be lighter."
  • "I should be further along in my career."

"Should" is a thief. It steals your ability to interact with what is actually happening. If you spend all your energy mourning the lack of a thank-you note, you miss the chance to actually enjoy the thing you did in the first place.

Focus on Local Agency
If the world isn't the way things ought to be on a macro level, make your micro-level better. You can't fix global wealth inequality this afternoon, but you can be the person who actually tips well or listens when a friend is talking. Micro-justice is a real thing. It’s the practice of creating small pockets of fairness in your immediate vicinity.

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Radical Acceptance vs. Giving Up

Some people think accepting reality means being a doormat. It’s actually the opposite.

In Dialectical Behavior Therapy (DBT), "Radical Acceptance" is a core skill. It’s the idea that you have to accept a situation for what it is before you can change it. If you’re in a house that’s on fire, you don't stand in the living room screaming, "The house shouldn't be on fire! This is unfair!" You accept: "The house is on fire." Only then can you find the fire extinguisher or the exit.

Stoicism and the Internal Compass

Marcus Aurelius, a guy who literally ran the Roman Empire, wrote extensively about this. He had all the power in the world, yet he constantly reminded himself that people would be ungrateful, rude, and selfish. He didn't expect the world to be "right." He expected it to be human.

His version of the way things ought to be wasn't focused on the world’s behavior, but his own. That’s the only place where you actually have a 100% success rate.

Moving Forward: A Realistic Roadmap

Stop waiting for the world to apologize for being chaotic. It won't. If you want to find peace with the current state of things, you need a strategy that moves beyond just "wishing it were different."

  1. Identity the "Gripe" vs. the "Goal": When you're upset about an injustice, ask if you're just venting or if there’s a specific action you can take. If there's no action, set a timer for 5 minutes, be as annoyed as you want, and then intentionally move on.
  2. Diversify Your Information: If your sense of "the way things are" comes exclusively from one news source or social app, you're getting a distorted view. Seek out "Slow News." Read long-form books or history. You’ll realize that the gap between reality and the "ideal" has existed in every century. It's the human condition.
  3. Practice Gratitude for the "Glitch": Sometimes the "unfair" thing works in your favor. Did you ever get a green light you didn't deserve? Did you ever get a pass on a mistake? We rarely complain about the way things ought to be when the error is in our favor. Noticing those moments balances the scales.
  4. Engage in Direct Service: Feeling like the world is unfair is usually a symptom of feeling powerless. Volunteering or helping a specific person provides immediate, tangible evidence that you can move the needle. It turns "the way things ought to be" from a complaint into a mission.

Reality is often disappointing, but your reaction to it doesn't have to be. By moving away from the "should" and toward the "is," you regain the energy needed to actually build a better version of your own world. Focus on the variables you control. Let the rest of the chaos be what it is: background noise in a very long, very complicated story.