No problem! Those are two really broad topics I'm still learning about myself, but both are really fun! Here are some tips.
Proportions seem really tricky at first, but they get easier as you figure out some generalized proportions you can use to measure with. Proportions are relative in art so you can usually check to make sure your proportions are accurate by comparing them to other parts of your drawing. One good reference for learning proportions is Andrew Loomis' books. His breakdowns are rather complex, but pretty rigorous and nice if you need accuracy. Some convenient measurements I like to use to ballpark proportions are that the upper body and lower body are roughly equal in height, the eyeline or browridge is roughly halfway down the face, and the fingertips roughly reach midway down the thighs when the arms are straight. Another commonly used form of measurement is heads tall, which is useful for keeping characters' heights consistent or making a character look a certain age or cuteness. Then you can use your convenient generalized measurements to make a more specific character. For example, lowering the eyeline can make a character look cute like in this drawing here. Characters come in so many different shapes and sizes, and it's fun to experiment.
Color is controlled by the light source(s) and environment. An arbitrary example of this is that if you had an environment which was mostly green, and a light source that was warm (as opposed to neutral or cold), your character might look like it was tinted green (because light bounces off the green surfaces onto your character) and you might see highlights that are yellowish or orangeish. On the other hand, if the light source was cold, perhaps you would see highlights that are more cyan. The basis behind "hue shifting" that pixel artists use for color is just the manipulation of light sources and the environment to get an interesting looking color scheme that gets your intent across (color serves functions like communicating mood and making characters stand out from or blend into the environment). Light works off a system called
additive color and there are theories as to which colors naturally look nice together (color theory). You can play around with color schemes on sites like
Paletton to get a feel for what you think looks cool.
If you need me to explain anything I've said in more detail or if something is unclear, just let me know and I'd be happy to break it down more.